The gums may be affected by two types of interference: the simple gingivitis (inflammation of the gums surrounding the tooth ) , and periodontal disease , commonly known as periodontal disease, a bacterial infection that attacks the supporting tissues of the tooth and , in more severe forms , can lead to tooth loss if not treated promptly .

SYMPTOMS
The first sign of gingivitis is bleeding gums , an element that characterizes periodontal disease . The latter , however, often painless evolution , and thus may be neglected , revealing only when it is too late. For this reason it is important to make regular visits to the dentist , who can diagnose and treat it in time.

THE CURE
Gingivitis is easy care with a good oral hygiene at home and professional that removes plaque and tartar (calcified plaque), responsible for inflammation. It is good practice to associate rinses with medicaments (for example with chlorhexidine) to restrict the sudden proliferation of bacterial plaque just removed .

Periodontal disease is a chronic disease , mainly due to bacterial plaque , but supported by various factors such as heredity , smoking , stress , pregnancy , the use of some medications, bruxism, diabetes and other diseases. When the disease is already in place, the treatment consists in the removal of germs oral hygiene with thorough, sometimes even on the deep part of the tooth root (root planing).

DIAGNOSIS
During the visit, the periodontist can perform two tests to diagnose and measure the severity of periodontal disease : periodontal probing and radiographic status.

The survey is carried out with a periodontal probe is gently graded that move along the gum line to find the pocket that was eventually formed between the gum and the tooth and to measure its depth. After the survey, your doctor may determine the need for further investigation for an accurate assessment of the state of the periodontium, which is necessary to determine the most appropriate therapy to eradicate the disease.

The status of the X-ray is a diagnostic tool that allows you to highlight problems that are not visible on clinical examination , providing important information not only on the height and the amount of residual bone , but also on its morphology. It is obtained by performing intraoral radiographs sector.

HOW TO PREVENT DISEASES GINGIVAL
Prevention is key : proper oral hygiene at home, periodic inspections, the adoption of healthy lifestyles that help to strengthen the immune system may prove to be the best allies in time to slow down and combat this disease.